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====Date: [[:Category:1990|1990]]====
{{Display censorship incident
|ongoing=no
|year=1945
|region=North America
|artist=Richard Wright,
|subject=Explicit Sexuality, Political/Economic/Social Opinion, Religion
|date_of_action=September 1975
|location=Island Trees Union Free School District, NY
|description_of_content=''Black Boy''  is a a coming-of-age memoir by American author Richard Wright, detailing his tortured youth under the Jim Crow laws of the South, and his eventual move to Chicago, where he establishes his writing career and becomes involved with the Communist Party in the United States.
|description_of_incident=''Black Boy'' was immediately demonized as being anti-American, anti-Semitic, and anti-Christian, as well as for its sexual content and unrelenting portrayal of race relations. In September 1975, several board members of the Island Trees Union Free School District attended a conference sponsored by Parents of New York United. At the conference, the school board members obtained materials listing objectionable books found in many school libraries. Taking this material to heart, in early 1976 the board removed several books from Island Trees High School and Island Trees Memorial Junior High School, including ''Black Boy'' by Richard Wright.
|description_of_result=With assistance from the American Civil Liberties Union, the students filed suit in January 1977 in a New York state court. The case was removed to federal court in part because of the constitutional issues involved. In 1979, a federal district court ruled in favor of the school district and dismissed the lawsuit. The district court reasoned that courts generally should not intervene in the operations of the schools and that although removing books may “reflect a misguided educational philosophy, it does not constitute a sharp and direct infringement of any First Amendment rights.”


====Region: [[:Category:North America|North America]]====
The next year, a three-judge panel of the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals reversed that ruling, finding that the students should have been given the opportunity to prove that the school board’s justifications for removing the books were “simply pretexts for the suppression of free speech.”


====Subject: [[:Category:Sexual/Gender Orientation|Sexual/Gender Orientation]]====
After the school board failed to obtain full-panel review before the 2nd Circuit, it appealed to the Supreme Court. In 1982, the high court took the case and in a divided opinion said school officials are limited on when they can remove books from library shelves.


====Medium: [[:Category:Public Art|Public Art]]====
The case was sent back down to the lower courts and within a year the books were returned to the library shelves — after a 4-3 school board vote in January 1983.
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[[File:Kissing_Doesnt_Kill.jpg|right|400px]]


'''Artist:''' Gran Fury w/ Art Against AIDS: on the road
(See: Board of Education v. Pico, 457 U.S. 853 (1982))
|image=Black Boy.jpg
}}
[http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/457/853.html BOARD OF EDUCATION v. PICO], (1982)


'''Confronting Bodies:''' Chicago Transit Authority
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_Trees_School_District_v._Pico Island Trees School District v. Pico], Wikipedia


'''Dates of Action:''' 1990-1991
[http://www.newseuminstitute.org/2010/09/30/participant-in-famous-book-banning-case-looks-back/ PARTICIPANT IN FAMOUS BOOK-BANNING CASE LOOKS BACK], Newseum Institute, September 30, 2010


'''Location:''' Chicago, Illinois
[http://bbark.deepforestproductions.com/column/2016/02/08/banned-books-awareness-the-censored-side-of-black-history/ Banned Books Awareness: The Censored Side of Black History], Banned Books Awareness, February 8, 2016
 
'''Description of Artwork:''' A poster meant for display on buses and other transportation with text reading "Kissing Doesn't Kill: Greed and Indifference Do" and an image with same sex couples kissing.
 
'''The Incident:''' The Art Against AIDS signs have ridden elsewhere in the country along with being placed in prominent window displays, but the CTA first delayed running the ad until city officials and state officials could create ordinances that would ban "same sex affection" in CTA advertisements.
 
'''Results of Incident:''' The CTA did not allow Kissing Doesn't Kill to run: Greed and Indifference Do, and the fight continues for protection of gay and lesbian rights in Chicago and elsewhere.
 
'''Source:''' Committee For Artists' Rights Archive and [http://www.creativetime.org/programs/archive/1989/Kissing/Kissing.htm Creative Time Archive]
 
[[Category:1990]]
[[Category:1990s]]
[[Category:20th century]]
[[Category:North America]]
[[Category:United States]]
[[Category:Illinois]]
[[Category:Chicago]]
[[Category:Sexual/Gender Orientation]]
[[Category:Public Art]]
[[Category:Gran Fury]]
[[Category:Public Transportation]]
 
 
{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-style: italic;">Kissing Doesn't Kill:Greed and Indifference Do</span>}}
 
 
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Revision as of 17:58, 12 June 2020

Featured Case


Black Boy.jpg

Artist: Richard Wright

Year: 1945

Date of Action: September 1975

Region: North America

Location: Island Trees Union Free School District, NY

Subject: Explicit Sexuality, Political/Economic/Social Opinion, Religion

Medium:

Confronting Bodies:

Description of Artwork: Black Boy is a a coming-of-age memoir by American author Richard Wright, detailing his tortured youth under the Jim Crow laws of the South, and his eventual move to Chicago, where he establishes his writing career and becomes involved with the Communist Party in the United States.

The Incident: Black Boy was immediately demonized as being anti-American, anti-Semitic, and anti-Christian, as well as for its sexual content and unrelenting portrayal of race relations. In September 1975, several board members of the Island Trees Union Free School District attended a conference sponsored by Parents of New York United. At the conference, the school board members obtained materials listing objectionable books found in many school libraries. Taking this material to heart, in early 1976 the board removed several books from Island Trees High School and Island Trees Memorial Junior High School, including Black Boy by Richard Wright.

Results of Incident: With assistance from the American Civil Liberties Union, the students filed suit in January 1977 in a New York state court. The case was removed to federal court in part because of the constitutional issues involved. In 1979, a federal district court ruled in favor of the school district and dismissed the lawsuit. The district court reasoned that courts generally should not intervene in the operations of the schools and that although removing books may “reflect a misguided educational philosophy, it does not constitute a sharp and direct infringement of any First Amendment rights.”

The next year, a three-judge panel of the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals reversed that ruling, finding that the students should have been given the opportunity to prove that the school board’s justifications for removing the books were “simply pretexts for the suppression of free speech.”

After the school board failed to obtain full-panel review before the 2nd Circuit, it appealed to the Supreme Court. In 1982, the high court took the case and in a divided opinion said school officials are limited on when they can remove books from library shelves.

The case was sent back down to the lower courts and within a year the books were returned to the library shelves — after a 4-3 school board vote in January 1983.

(See: Board of Education v. Pico, 457 U.S. 853 (1982))

Source:



BOARD OF EDUCATION v. PICO, (1982)

Island Trees School District v. Pico, Wikipedia

PARTICIPANT IN FAMOUS BOOK-BANNING CASE LOOKS BACK, Newseum Institute, September 30, 2010

Banned Books Awareness: The Censored Side of Black History, Banned Books Awareness, February 8, 2016




























What is Censorpedia?

Censorpedia is a crowdsourced online database of censorship cases within the arts and in culture. It is aimed at those researching censorship, at activists working for freedom of expression and at artists and other cultural producers whose expression has been subject to censorship or attempted censorship.

Censorpedia documents censorship incidents by providing the who, what, when, where and why. By providing a repository of information about what is vulnerable to censorship and about the strategies and tactics that have defeated previous’ censorship attempts, Censorpedia aids the fight for free expression.

Researchers can search for a specific case, year or keyword using the search box, as well as browse by medium, by grounds for censorship, or explore a random case.

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