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[[File:190128 r33620.webp|thumb]]
{{Display censorship incident
====Date: [[:Category:1990|1990]]====
|ongoing=no
 
|year=2014
====Region: [[:Category:North America|North America]]====
|region=Asia
 
|artist=Hong Seong-dam
====Subject: [[:Category:Sexual/Gender Orientation|Sexual/Gender Orientation]], [[:Category:Explicit Sexuality|Explicit Sexuality]], [[:Category:Nudity|Nudity]]====
|subject=Political/Economic/Social Opinion
 
|confronting_bodies=City government of Gwangju, South Korea
====Medium: [[:Category:Photography|Photography]]====
|medium=Painting
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|date_of_action=August, 2014
'''Artist:''' Robert Mapplethorpe, Contemporary Arts Center of Cincinnati
|location=Gwangju Biennale, Gwangju, South Korea
 
|description_of_content=A 32-foot-wide painting, which portrays, among other elements, Korean president Park Geun-hye as a maniacal scarecrow facing off against angered parents of children who died in the sinking of the MV Sewol ferry in April, 2014, a national tragedy that has had huge political repercussions. Park is being held back by former president Park Chung-hee (her late father), and her chief of staff Kim Ki-choon.
'''Confronting Bodies:''' Cincinnati City officials
|description_of_incident=The Biennale Foundation initially claimed that the work’s exclusion from the exhibition had nothing to do with politics and was purely logistical—Hong simply submitted the work late. But it was later revealed that the decision to withhold the painting from the 20th anniversary exhibition was in fact prompted by the city of Gwangju, which sponsors the exhibition to the tune of $2.4 million for this year’s Biennale. The city government had asked that Hong change the painting.
 
|description_of_result=In response to the censorship of Hong’s work, other artists featured in “Sweet Dew” removed their works from the exhibition and its  curator, Yun Beom-mo, resigned. The president of the Gwangju Biennale Foundation, Lee Yong-woo, also resigned. The case has provoked international protests and has been covered widely.
'''Dates of Action:''' 1990
|image=park1.jpg
 
|source=http://news.artnet.com/art-world/gwangju-biennale-president-resigns-over-censorship-82587
'''Location:''' Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
}}
 
'''Description of Artwork:''' A retrospective show for the late Robert Mapplethorpe which spanned twenty-five years of his career. The comprehensive work included celebrity portraits, self portraits, many nude images (some of which depicted children in various stages of undress), flowers, and sadomasochistic activities. The exhibition opened at the Institute of Contemporary Arts in Philadelphia in the winter of 1988.  
 
'''The Incident:''' Many observers and elected officials were extremely disturbed and upset by the nudity of both adults and children in the works and believed that the work was not in accordance with pornography laws in Ohio.
 
'''Results of Incident:''' Officials of the Contemporary Arts Center of Cincinnati restricted access to the museum to those over 18 and relegated the most explicit of the 175 photographs to a separate, further-isolated room. This was not enough, however, to keep a local sheriff from staging a raid on the exhibition and seeking indictments against museum director Dennis Barrie on obscenity charges; nor was it enough to keep the grand jury from handing up an indictment. Although Ohio law deemed it criminal to possess "kiddie-porn materials," legitimate museum displays were an exception. Dennis Barie and the Contemporary Arts Center of Cincinnati were acquitted, but this incident sparked a national debate about what is appropriate for the government to control regarding the content of art. The context these debates created was inhospitable to free expression, particularly artistic renditions of the naked and the nude. Only a year later, another national controversy erupted over the display of lascivious artwork, this time over a print of a Goya painting displayed in a college classroom. Throughout the decade, events such as these led right-wing Senators like Jesse Helms to campaign for the National Endowment for the Arts to be de-funded.
 
 
'''Source:''' <br> • http://articles.latimes.com/1990-04-19/entertainment/ca-2114_1_contemporary-arts-center-mapplethorpe-images-mapplethorpe-controversy <br>
http://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/06/us/cincinnati-jury-acquits-museum-in-mapplethorpe-obscenity-case.html <br>
• https://www.thefire.org/news/comeback-catechism-when-todays-speech-norms-launch-old-inquisitions
 
[[Category:1990]]
[[Category:1990s]]
[[Category:20th century]]
[[Category:North America]]
[[Category:United States]]
[[Category:Ohio]]
[[Category:Cincinnati]]
[[Category:Sexual/Gender Orientation]]
[[Category:Explicit Sexuality]]
[[Category:Nudity]]
[[Category:Photography]]
[[Category:Robert Mapplethorpe]]
[[Category:Contemporary Arts Center]]
 
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Latest revision as of 20:54, 18 October 2023

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Park1.jpg

Artist: Hong Seong-dam

Year: 2014

Date of Action: August, 2014

Region: Asia

Location: Gwangju Biennale, Gwangju, South Korea

Subject: Political/Economic/Social Opinion

Medium: Painting

Confronting Bodies: City government of Gwangju, South Korea

Description of Artwork: A 32-foot-wide painting, which portrays, among other elements, Korean president Park Geun-hye as a maniacal scarecrow facing off against angered parents of children who died in the sinking of the MV Sewol ferry in April, 2014, a national tragedy that has had huge political repercussions. Park is being held back by former president Park Chung-hee (her late father), and her chief of staff Kim Ki-choon.

The Incident: The Biennale Foundation initially claimed that the work’s exclusion from the exhibition had nothing to do with politics and was purely logistical—Hong simply submitted the work late. But it was later revealed that the decision to withhold the painting from the 20th anniversary exhibition was in fact prompted by the city of Gwangju, which sponsors the exhibition to the tune of $2.4 million for this year’s Biennale. The city government had asked that Hong change the painting.

Results of Incident: In response to the censorship of Hong’s work, other artists featured in “Sweet Dew” removed their works from the exhibition and its curator, Yun Beom-mo, resigned. The president of the Gwangju Biennale Foundation, Lee Yong-woo, also resigned. The case has provoked international protests and has been covered widely.

Source:
http://news.artnet.com/art-world/gwangju-biennale-president-resigns-over-censorship-82587