The Talmud: Difference between revisions
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'''Artist:''' Various | '''Artist:''' Various | ||
'''Confronting Bodies:''' Dominicans, Franciscans, Pope Clement IV, the Inquisition, | '''Confronting Bodies:''' Dominicans, Franciscans, Pope Clement IV, the Inquisition, Soviet Union | ||
'''Dates of Action:''' 1190, 1244, 1490, 1926 | '''Dates of Action:''' 1190, 1244, 1490, 1926 | ||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
'''Location:''' Egypt, France, Italy, Spain, Soviet Union. | '''Location:''' Egypt, France, Italy, Spain, Soviet Union. | ||
'''Description of Artwork:''' ''The Talmud'' and Midrash in Judaism commentaries and interpretive writings second in authority only to the Torah. The term Talmud commonly refers to a compilation consisting of the Mishana (oral laws supplementing spiritual laws), the Gemara; and certain auxillary materials. For most scholars, however, Talmud in the precise sense refers only to the materials customarily called Gemara, the commentary on Mishana. | '''Description of Artwork:''' ''The Talmud'' and ''Midrash'' in Judaism, commentaries and interpretive writings second in authority only to the ''Torah''. The term 'Talmud' commonly refers to a compilation consisting of the ''Mishana'' (oral laws supplementing spiritual laws), the ''Gemara''; and certain auxillary materials. For most scholars, however, 'Talmud' in the precise sense refers only to the materials customarily called ''Gemara'', the commentary on ''Mishana''. | ||
'''The Incident:''' 1190 Egypt-Cairo : With his | '''The Incident:''' 1190 Egypt-Cairo: With his ''Guide for the Perplexed'', Maimonides, the Jewish philosopher, aroused the Christian's resentment. 1244 France-Paris: ''Talmud'' burned on charges of blasphemy and immorality. The book was persecuted in various places for another 100 years. 1244 Italy-Rome: Pope Clement IV appointed a committee of censors who expunged all passages that appeared derogatory of Christianity. (Talmudic references to ancient paganism were widely misrepresented as criticism of the Church.) 1926 Soviet Union: Official directions to libraries stated "The section on religion must obtain solely anti-religious books. Religiously dogmatic books such as the ''Gospel'', the ''Koran'', the ''Talmud'', etc. must be left in the large libraries, but removed from smaller ones². | ||
'''Results of Incident:''' 1190 Egypt-Cairo : First official burning of Hebrew books by orders of Dominicans, Franciscans, and others. | '''Results of Incident:''' 1190 Egypt-Cairo: First official burning of Hebrew books by orders of Dominicans, Franciscans, and others. | ||
1490 Spain-Salamanca : In an auto-da-fé, thousands of Hebrew books including biblical texts were burned by order of the Inquisition. | 1490 Spain-Salamanca: In an auto-da-fé, thousands of Hebrew books including biblical texts were burned by order of the Inquisition. | ||
1926 Soviet Union: virtually no printing of the work since then. | |||
1926 Soviet Union : virtually no printing of the work since then. | |||
'''Source:''' Banned Books 387 B.C. to 1978 A.D., by Anne Lyon Haight, and Chandler B. Grannis, R.R. Bowker Co, 1978. | '''Source:''' Banned Books 387 B.C. to 1978 A.D., by Anne Lyon Haight, and Chandler B. Grannis, R.R. Bowker Co, 1978. | ||
[[Category:1190, 1244, 1490, 1926]] | [[Category:1190, 1244, 1490, 1926]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1190s]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1240s]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1490s]] | ||
[[Category:1920s]] | [[Category:1920s]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:12th century]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:13th century]] | ||
[[Category:16th century]] | |||
[[Category:20th century]] | |||
[[Category:Europe]] | [[Category:Europe]] | ||
[[Category:Russia and Central Asia]] | [[Category:Russia and Central Asia]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:24, 20 February 2012
Dates: 1090, 1244, 1490, 1926
Region: Europe Russia and Central Asia
Subject: Religious Political/Economic/Social Opinion
Medium: Literature
Artist: Various
Confronting Bodies: Dominicans, Franciscans, Pope Clement IV, the Inquisition, Soviet Union
Dates of Action: 1190, 1244, 1490, 1926
Location: Egypt, France, Italy, Spain, Soviet Union.
Description of Artwork: The Talmud and Midrash in Judaism, commentaries and interpretive writings second in authority only to the Torah. The term 'Talmud' commonly refers to a compilation consisting of the Mishana (oral laws supplementing spiritual laws), the Gemara; and certain auxillary materials. For most scholars, however, 'Talmud' in the precise sense refers only to the materials customarily called Gemara, the commentary on Mishana.
The Incident: 1190 Egypt-Cairo: With his Guide for the Perplexed, Maimonides, the Jewish philosopher, aroused the Christian's resentment. 1244 France-Paris: Talmud burned on charges of blasphemy and immorality. The book was persecuted in various places for another 100 years. 1244 Italy-Rome: Pope Clement IV appointed a committee of censors who expunged all passages that appeared derogatory of Christianity. (Talmudic references to ancient paganism were widely misrepresented as criticism of the Church.) 1926 Soviet Union: Official directions to libraries stated "The section on religion must obtain solely anti-religious books. Religiously dogmatic books such as the Gospel, the Koran, the Talmud, etc. must be left in the large libraries, but removed from smaller ones².
Results of Incident: 1190 Egypt-Cairo: First official burning of Hebrew books by orders of Dominicans, Franciscans, and others. 1490 Spain-Salamanca: In an auto-da-fé, thousands of Hebrew books including biblical texts were burned by order of the Inquisition. 1926 Soviet Union: virtually no printing of the work since then.
Source: Banned Books 387 B.C. to 1978 A.D., by Anne Lyon Haight, and Chandler B. Grannis, R.R. Bowker Co, 1978.
